Academician B.V. Petrovsky and his role in the development of soviet cardiac surgery (for the 95th anniversary of admission to the medical faculty of Moscow University)

Morgoshiia T.Sh.

The main milestones of the life and work of the outstanding Soviet surgeon and scientist academician B.V. Petrovsky (1908-2004) are presented. His scientific and practical activity as a cardiac surgeon is analyzed. It is noted that during the Great Patriotic War, he performed a number of operations for purulent pericarditis, as well as heart injuries. It is noted that the first heart aneurysm was accidentally discovered by B.V. Petrovsky during an operation for rheumatic mitral stenosis. To eliminate the aneurysm, he successfully applied the method of suturing and submerging the aneurysm sac developed by that time. In 1963, to perform a more radical operation — resection of a heart aneurysm, at the suggestion of B. V. Petrovsky, a special needle clamp was designed. The virtuoso technique and the usual calmness of the “big” surgeon played a huge role here. The name of B.V. Petrovsky stands next to the names of pioneers in the field of heart surgery in our country — A.N. Bakulev, P. A. Kupriyanov, A.A. Vishnevsky, E.N. Meshalkin. Developing the problem of artificial blood circulation, Boris Vasilyevich since 1955 began to perform operations on the “open heart”. A broad integrated approach to solving complex problems of cardiac surgery and the involvement of many specialists in related fields allowed us to achieve exceptional success in a relatively short time. By the end of the 50s of the last century, he had experience in about 1,500 operations on large vessels and the heart, performed fundamental research on the most important clinical aspects and surgical treatment of cardiovascular pathology. It is noted that B.V. Petrovsky belongs to the classification of mitral stenosis, accepted by all clinics of the country at that time. They proposed the technique of surgical interventions for left atrial thrombosis. Undoubtedly, cardiovascular surgery in our country owes a lot to Boris Vasilyevich. It is no exaggeration to state that the majority of modern Russian cardiac surgeons are followers of his scientific school.

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