DOI: 10.25881/20728255_2024_19_4_178

Authors

Yepifanov S.A.1, Krainyukova L.A.1, Mironyuk Yu.D.1, Krainyukov P.E.2, Matveev S.A.1

1 Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow

2 RUDN University, Moscow

Abstract

This article examines the evolution of face protection products, starting from combat drawings and masks in ancient times and ending with modern helmets using advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence. Various historical stages are analyzed, including ancient civilizations, antiquity, the Middle Ages, as well as the XX and XXI centuries, when new threats such as firearms and mine explosive devices appeared. The key stages of the development of military helmets and masks are described, as well as their impact on the safety of soldiers and the improvement of tactical mobility. Attention is also paid to technical innovations in helmet design and their use in modern conflicts.

Keywords: face protection, combat masks, helmets, evolution of protective equipment, historical development, military equipment, security technologies, artificial intelligence in military medicine, protection from shrapnel, military conflicts.

References

1. Petrov IV. Helmets of the Ancient World: Evolution and Technologies. M., 2003. P.25-40. (In Russ.)

2. Vlasov AYu. History of Weapons and Armor. SPb.: Astrel, 2005. P.77-92. (In Russ.)

3. Mikhaylov SA. Archaeology of Ancient Egypt: Weapons and Defense. Kiev, 2007. P.130-145. (In Russ.)

4. Ulyanov RD. The Roman Army and Its Equipment. M.: Moscow University Press, 2010. P.101-115. (In Russ.)

5. Karpov VN. Medieval Military Equipment: From Helmets to Armor. M., 2008. P.56-75. (In Russ.)

6. Sherman LS. History of Helmets and Helmets of the 20th Century. M.: Military Encyclopedia, 2012. P. 204-230. (In Russ.)

7. Lavrov IA. The Evolution of Protection: Helmets and Armor from Antiquity to the Present Day. SPb., 2015. P.98-130. (In Russ.)

8. Kuznetsov SV. Military Technologies of World War I. M., 2013. P.135-152. (In Russ.)

9. Kotov AN. The Fates of Armor: From Knights to Modern Protective Systems. M., 2020. P.210-225. (In Russ.)

10. Bogdanov VL. Modern Helmets and Protective Equipment for Military and Law Enforcement. M., 2020. P.45-65. (In Russ.)

11. Chirkov AI. Masks and Combat Practices of the Indigenous Peoples of America. M.: Archaeological Publishing House, 1999. P.68-84. (In Russ.)

12. Vasiliev AM. History of Armor in Europe. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1988. P.45-58. (In Russ.)

13. Green KB. Helmets and Armor during World War II. SPb.: Progress Publishing House, 2002. P.99-115. (In Russ.)

14. Miller HG. Helmets and Protective Gear of Germany during World War II. Moscow: Tekhnika, 2003. P.123-136. (In Russ.)

15. Kuznetsov IG. The Soviet Army in Afghanistan: History, Experience and Mistakes. Moscow: Voenizdat, 1994. P.80-95. (In Russ.)

16. Gerasimov IV. Techniques and Tactics of Russian Special Forces in Chechnya. St. Petersburg: Progress, 2007. P.85-100. (In Russ.)

17. Baikov PV. Experiments with Equipment of the Russian Army in the 1990s-2000s. St. Petersburg: Military-Historical Publishing House, 2010. P.145-160. (In Russ.)

For citation

Yepifanov S.A., Krainyukova L.A., Mironyuk Yu.D., Krainyukov P.E., Matveev S.A. The history of the development of face protection products: from combat coloring and intimidating masks to the most complex technical devices using artificial intelligence. Bulletin of Pirogov National Medical & Surgical Center. 2024;19(4):178-182. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25881/20728255_2024_19_4_178