Authors
Khamitov R.G.1, Ayupova R.F.1, Shestakov E.A.2, Shalygin L.D.2, Zhiburt E.B.2
1 Republican Blood Transfusion Station, Ufa
2 Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center, Moscow
Abstract
Rationale: In 2021, a mandatory change in the study of markers of infections in blood donors (refusal of confirmatory studies, etc.) at the Republican Blood Transfusion Station (RPSK, Ufa) was combined with a significant increase in the blood donors deferrals.
Objective: to compare the frequency and structure of donor deferrals due to the detection of infection markers in 2021 and 2022. Null hypothesis: unchanged order of donor examination in 2021 and 2022. will lead to the maintenance of an increased proportion of donor deferrals.
Methods: Based on the results of the work of the RSPK in 2020–2022 and using the method of continuous observation, we compared the number of primary and repeat donors, their donations and the number of people diverted from donation after identifying markers of blood-borne infections. The results were assessed using descriptive and inductive statistics at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: In 2021, the part of donors deferred due to infection markers increased significantly: first time — by 1.2% (p<0.001), repeat — by 0.7% (p<0.001). In 2022, the part of both primary and repeat donors deferred due to infection markers did not differ from the same indicator in 2021. At the same time, the frequency of HIV deferrals based on a confirmatory test at the AIDS center has not changed.
Conclusion: The more donations a donor makes, the higher his risk of getting into the examination process with an error in the pre-analytical (wrong blood in tube), analytical (low specificity) and post-analytical (clerical error) stages of laboratory screening of donor blood. The Russian blood service needs to abandon the donors deferrals based on a single positive result of a single screening of markers of blood-borne infections.
Keywords: blood transfusion, donor, donation, examination, infections, deferral.
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