Authors
Belida A.I.1, Tikhomirova A.D.2, Kipina E.G.2, Tsurikova E.A.3, Shorina K.N.4
1 First Moscow State Medical University named after I.M. Sechenov, Moscow
2 North-western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg
3 Kaluga State University named after K.E. Tsiolkovsky, Kaluga
4 Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Moscow
Abstract
Aim. To analyze modern methods of diagnostics of coronary heart disease (CHD) among young patients, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of non-invasive cardiac imaging technologies. The work is aimed at identification of optimal approaches to diagnostics, which can improve the prognosis and quality of life of this category of patients.
Materials and Methods. literature analysis, comparative analysis and synthesis of data on the latest diagnostic technologies. Special attention is paid to coronary computed tomography angiography (CT-angiography) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in comparison with traditional methods such as electrocardiography and exercise testing.
Results. CT-angiography and MRI have high diagnostic value, especially in cases of atypical course of CHD in young patients, when traditional methods may be ineffective. These methods allow not only to reveal the presence of coronary artery stenoses, but also to estimate structural and functional changes of myocardium, which is important for early detection and prevention of CHD.
Conclusion. Integration of noninvasive imaging methods into clinical practice can significantly improve IBS diagnostics in young patients. It is necessary to take into account individual features of each patient, as well as potential risks and limitations of each method. The results of the study can serve as a basis for the development of new clinical recommendations and improvement of existing protocols for the management of patients with CHD.
Keywords: Ischemic Heart Disease, MRI, Diagnosis, Young Patients, Non-Invasive Methods, Clinical Research, Individualized Approach.
References
1. Namig Isazade. Proceedings of The International Research Education & Training Center. Zenodo. 2021; 11(1). doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4587247.
2. Hertz CL, Christiansen SL, Ottesen GL, et al. Post-mortem investigation of young deceased individuals with ischemic heart disease-outcome of supplementary genetic testing for dyslipidemia. International journal of legal medicine. 2016; 130(4): 947-948. doi: 10.1007/s00414-015-1282-3.
3. Zhdan V, Kitura Y, Babanina M, et al. Ischemic Heart Disease and Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: the Problem of Diagnosis and Treatment (Clinical Case). Family Medicine. 2021; 4: 90-94. doi: 10.30841/2307-5112.4.2021.249435.
4. Baigent C, Mach F, Catapano AL, et al. ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. The European Heart Journal. 2019; 41(1): 111-188. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz455.
5. Rodionova LV, Shvetsova EN, Tsivanyuk MM, et al. Features of diagnostics and course of ischemic heart disease in persons of young age: a clinical case. Tihookeanskij medicinskij zhurnal. 2021; 4: 95-97. (In Russ.) doi: 10.34215/1609-1175-2021-4-95-97.
6. Cheong Y, Kim N, Kim M, et al. Postoperative pulmonary edema following vitrectomy in patients with ischemic heart disease and diastolic dysfunction in the post-anesthetic care unit: Two case reports. Medicine. 2020; 99(38): e22296. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022296.
7. Boytsov SA, Provatorov SI. Possibilities of dispensary observation in reducing mortality from ischemic heart disease. Terapevticheskij arhiv. 2023; 95(1): 5-10. (In Russ.)
8. Lee HR, Yoo JE, Choi H, et al. Tuberculosis and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2023; 76(9): 1576-1584. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac946.
9. Giang KW, Mandalenakis Z, Dellborg M, et al. Long-Term Risk of Hemorrhagic Stroke in Young Patients With Congenital Heart Disease. Stroke. 2018; 49(5): 1155-1162. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.117.020032.
10. Kayıkçıoğlu M, Özbay B, Yağmur B, et al. Primary Carnitine Deficiency as a Treatable Cause of Heart Failure in Young Patients. Turk Kardiyoloji Dernegi arsivi: Turk Kardiyoloji Derneginin yayin organidir. 2022; 50(7): 535-539. doi: 10.5543/tkda.2022.21319.
11. Cavalli G, Tomelleri A, Baldissera E, et al. Prevalence of takayasu arteritis in young women with acute ischemic heart disease. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2017; 76: 610. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.2298.
12. Samorodskaya IV, Chernyavskaya TK, Kakorina EP, et al. Ischemic heart disease: analysis of medical certificates of death. Rossijskij kardiologicheskij zhurnal. 2022; 27(1): 22-28. (In Russ.)
13. Alzahrani AA, Bahaidarah SA, Al-Hassnan ZN, et al. Reversible Cardiomyopathy, What Should the Clinicians Keep in Mind? A Case Report. Journal of the Saudi Heart Association. 2023; 35(2): 144-147. doi: 10.37616/ 2212-5043.1339.
14. Cipolletta E, Tata LJ, Nakafero G, et al. Association between gout flare and subsequent cardiovascular events among patients with gout. Jama. 2023; 328(5): 440-450.
15. Lee, Michelle T, et al. Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The American Journal of Medicine. 2021; 134(8): 1047-1051.
16. Zhou Y, Zhu XP, Shi JJ, et al. Coronary Heart Disease and Depression Anxiety: A Bibliometric Analysis. Frontiers in psychology. 2021; 12: 669000. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669000.
17. Samorodskaya IV, Bubnova MG, Akulova OA, et al. Mortality from acute forms of coronary heart disease in men and women in the Russian Federation in 2015 and 2019. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika. 2022; 21(6): 6-13. (In Russ.)
18. Reynolds HR, Bairey M, Berry C, et al. Coronary Arterial Function and Disease in Women With No Obstructive Coronary Arteries. Circulation research. 2022; 130(4): 529-551. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319892.
19. Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. 2020; 3(3): CD003177. doi: 10.1002/ 14651858.CD003177.pub5.
20. Williams MC, Moss AJ, Dweck M, et al. Coronary Artery Plaque Characteristics Associated With Adverse Outcomes in the SCOT-HEART Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2019; 73(3): 291-301. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.10.066.
21. Liang C, Zhang W, Li S, et al. Coronary heart disease and COVID-19: A meta-analysis. Medicina clinica. 2021; 156(11): 547-554. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2020.12.017.
