Authors
Trifanenkova I.G.1, 2, Temnov A.A.3, Bulatova Yu.D.1, Kodunov A.M.1, Kirilenko I.Yu.1
1 Kaluga Branch of Federal State Autonomous Institution National Medical Research Center Interdisciplinary Scientific and Technical Complex The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Kaluga
2 Medical Institute of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kaluga State University named after K.E. Tsiolkovski», Kaluga
3 Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny
Abstract
The purpose – to present preliminary results of the use of paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells in the postoperative period of high-risk keratoplasty in animals against the background of pre-existing neoangiogenesis.
Material and methods. The study consisted of two stages. The study included 12 rabbits (12 eyes) of the gray chinchilla breed. The weight of the rabbits was from 2.5 to 3.2 kg. At the first stage, 8 animals (8 eyes) underwent a simulated thermal burn of the cornea in the peripheral zone, including the limbal zone. Before obtaining an experimental model of a thermal burn of the cornea, rabbit bone marrow stem cells were taken away. Conditioned medium was obtained from rabbit bone marrow stem cells. The conditioned medium contained paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells (CM-MSCs). Then, penetrating keratoplasty was performed using standard technology in all eyes with thermal burns. 4 rabbits (8 eyes) were used as donors.
At the second stage, a control group (4 rabbits, 4 eyes) and an experimental group (4 rabbits, 4 eyes) were formed. In the experimental group, instillations of CM-MSCs were used as postoperative treatment from the 1st to the 14th day four times at the day. In the control group, treatment was carried out by instillation of antibiotics (Oftaquix) and keratoprotectors (Korneregel) three times at the day for 14 days.
The observation periods were 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th days. Ophthalmoscopy of the anterior segment of the eye was performed, then photo recording, and examination using a Pentacam AXL device.
Results. On the 14th day in the experimental group, in all animals the corneal graft was transparent and sutured with interrupted sutures. Single trunks of newly formed vessels with growth into the graft of no more than 1 mm were noted. The seam is clean and consistent. In the control group, moderate mucous discharge, stromal edema of the corneal graft, and sagging sutures were observed. Neovascularization of the cornea was noted from 9 to 3 o’clock with growth of 4 mm.
Conclusion. The use of a CS-MSC solution has proven to be effective in the postoperative period of high-risk keratoplasty in animals against the background of pre-existing neoangiogenesis. It is necessary to conduct experimental studies over longer periods to evaluate long-term results, as well as confirm the results obtained with instrumental and histological studies at all periods of observation.
Keywords: thermal corneal burn, vascularization, keratoplasty, paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells.
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